P E R S B E R I C H T
OPROEP VAN MEDICI VOOR EEN WERELD ZONDER KERNWAPENS
23 maart 2009
Meer dan 300 van de meest vooraanstaande medici ter wereld roepen in een gezamenlijke brief de presidenten Obama en Medvedev op een einde te maken aan het tijdperk van nucleaire wapens.
‘Al meer dan 60 jaar hangt de dreiging van nucleaire vernietiging boven de mensheid. Wij schrijven u aan met de hoop dat u de gelegenheid van uw recente verkiezing aan zult grijpen om de grootste bedreiging van ons voortbestaan een halt toe te roepen’.
Medische hulp na een kernaanval is een illusie, juist daarom doen artsen deze oproep.
Wereldwijd staan er nog 25.000 kernwapens ‘op scherp’. De kernwapenproblematiek kan, in tegenstelling tot andere gezondheidsbedreigingen als klimaatsverandering, armoede en aids, wel gemakkelijk worden opgelost, namelijk met één daadkrachtig besluit.
Obama en Medvedev ontmoeten elkaar voor het eerst in Londen op 1 april. Nucleaire ontwapening en non-proliferatie maatregelen staan naar verwachting hoog op de agenda.
De brief sluit af met de woorden ‘Over duizend jaar zal niemand zich meer herinneren wat u de komende jaren gedaan zult hebben, maar niemand zal de leiders vergeten die een eind gemaakt hebben aan de dreiging van een kernoorlog’.
Bekende Nederlandse ondertekenaars zijn:
Prof. Dr. A.C. Nieuwenhuijzen Kruseman—voorzitter van de KNMG
Prof. W.A.B. Stalman, MD, PhD—Decaan van het VU Medische Centrum (VUmc)
De brief is een initiatief van de organisatie IPPNW (Int. Physicians for the Prevention of nuclear War), die in 1985 de Nobelprijs voor de Vrede ontving.
De NVMP, gezondheidszorg en vredesvraagstukken is de Nederlandse afdeling van IPPNW.
Vorig jaar sprak minister Verhagen zich uit voor nucleaire ontwapening. Onzes inziens kan ook Nederland een bijdrage leveren daaraan, door de Amerikaanse kernwapens op luchtmachtbasis Volkel van haar grondgebied te verwijderen en af te zien van de NAVO kernwapentaak van de Koninklijke Luchtmacht.
Hieronder vindt u de tekst van de brief (NL-versie) en de lijst met ondertekenaars.
Meer informatie:
Hans van Iterson
Bureau NVMP
Tel: 030-2722940
Mobiel 06-48220457
E-mail: hviterson@nvmp.org
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Oproep van medici voor een wereld zonder kernwapens
Aan: president Barack Obama en president Dmitri Medvedev
Geachte presidenten Obama en Medvedev,
Al meer dan 60 jaar hangt de dreiging van nucleaire vernietiging boven de mensheid. Wij schrijven u aan met de hoop dat u de gelegenheid van uw recente verkiezing aan zult grijpen om de grootste bedreiging van ons voortbestaan een halt toe te roepen.
De Verenigde Staten en Rusland hebben tijdens de Koude Oorlog enorme arsenalen kernwapens opgebouwd. Zo deze middelen voor massavernietiging al een doel hadden, dan is dat doel twintig jaar geleden beëindigd.
Desondanks hebben de VS en Rusland nog steeds meer dan 20.000 nucleaire kernkoppen. En wat nog gevaarlijker is: 2.300 daarvan staan nog steeds op scherp, kunnen binnen vijf minuten gelanceerd worden en in een half uur steden aan weerszijden in de as leggen. Een onderzoek in 2002 heeft laten zien dat als 300 Russische kernraketten op Amerikaanse steden zouden worden afgevuurd, 90 miljoen mensen zouden sterven binnen dat eerste halve uur. Een vergelijkbare Amerikaanse aanval op Rusland zou eenzelfde verwoestende werking hebben. Deze aanvallen zouden de volledige economische infrastructuur en alle communicatie vernietigen waarvan het overleven van de rest van de bevolking afhangt. In de volgende maanden zou de meerderheid van de overlevenden alsnog sterven door ziekte, blootstelling aan straling en honger.
De vernietiging van Rusland en de Verenigde Staten is echter slechts een deel van het verhaal. Een aanval van deze omvang zou miljoenen tonnen roet en stof in de hogere lagen van de atmosfeer brengen waardoor zonlicht wordt tegengehouden en temperaturen op aarde zullen dalen. Feitelijk zou de gemiddelde temperatuur dalen tot het niveau van de laatste ijstijd, 18.000 jaar geleden. Landbouw is niet meer mogelijk, ecosystemen storten ineen, vele soorten, en wellicht zelfs de onze, zullen uitsterven.
Zelfs een beperkte kernoorlog met slechts honderd ‘Hiroshima-bommen’ zou een zodanige klimaatsverstoring hebben dat door hongersnood wereldwijd een miljard mensen zouden sterven. Een dergelijke oorlog kan zich ook voltrekken tussen andere kernwapenstaten, zoals India en Pakistan. Deze bevindingen onderstrepen de noodzaak voor alle kernwapenstaten om van hun nucleaire arsenalen afstand te doen. Het onderstreept ook de noodzaak van “het bereiken van 0” – het opruimen van alle kernwapens, omdat zelfs vijftig kernwapens in elk van uw arsenalen al een bedreiging vormt voor de gehele aarde.
Daarom roepen wij u, als leiders van de landen die meer dan 95% van de wereldvoorraad aan kernwapens bezitten, op, om uw verplichtingen zoals verwoord in Artikel VI van het Non-proliferatieverdrag na te komen: de VS en Rusland te verplichten tot een Nuclear Weapons Convention, die leidt tot een stapsgewijze afschaffing van kernwapens wereldwijd, alsmede onmiddellijk onderhandelingen te beginnen met andere kernwapenstaten om een NWC tot stand te brengen.
Vergis u niet – u hebt de macht om het tijdperk van nucleaire wapens eens en voor altijd te beëindigen. Met die macht gaat een grote verantwoordelijkheid gepaard. Er kunnen nijpende problemen zijn op dit moment, maar ze verbleken allemaal in vergelijking met de noodzaak een nucleaire oorlog te voorkomen. In het verleden zijn er enkele momenten geweest waarop we de mogelijkheid hadden nucleair te ontwapenen, maar toen hebben we gefaald. Dit moment kan onze laatste kans zijn. Over duizend jaar zal niemand zich meer herinneren wat u de komende jaren gedaan zult hebben, maar niemand zal de leiders vergeten die een eind gemaakt hebben aan de dreiging van een kernoorlog.
Slechts weinigen in de geschiedenis is het gegeven iets groots te doen. Aan u is de mogelijkheid gegeven de wereld te redden. Stel ons niet teleur.
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Medical Appeal for a World Without Nuclear Weapons
Signatories
Herbert L. Abrams, MD—Professor of Radiology Emeritus, Stanford University School of Medicine, Harvard Medical School [USA]
Kennette Benedict—Executive Director and Publisher, Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists [USA]
Prof. Dr. Alfred Böcking—Director, Institute for Cytopathology, University of Düsseldorf [Germany]
Christine Cassel, MD—Past President, Physicians for Social Responsibility [USA]
L. S. Chawla, MD—Founder and Former Vice-Chancellor, Baba Farid University of Health Sciences; National President, Indian Doctors for Peace and Development [India]
Evgeni Chazov, MD—General Director, Russian Cardiology Research and Production Complex; Co-recipient, 1985 Nobel Peace Prize; Founding Co-President, International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War [Russia]
Dr. June Crown, CBE—Past President, UK Faculty of Public Health; Consultant in Public Health Medicine; President, Medact [UK]
David Dale, MD—Former Dean, University of Washington Medical School; Former President, American College of Physicians [USA]
Professor Peter Doherty—Nobel Laureate in Physiology and Medicine 1996; Australian of the Year 1997; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne [Australia]
Hiroo Dohy, MD, PhD—President, Hiroshima Red Cross and Atomic Bomb Hospital; Japanese Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War [Japan]
Dr. Pierre J. Durand—Dean, Faculty of Medicine, University of Laval [Canada]
Paul Farmer, MD, PhD—Presley Professor of Social Medicine, Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Associate Chief, Division of Global Health Equity, Brigham and Women's Hospital [USA]
Olav Helge Førde—Dean of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Tromsø [Norway]
H. Jack Geiger, MD—Arthur C. Logan Professor Emeritus of Community Medicine, City University of New York Medical School [USA]
Robert N. Golden, MD—Dean, School of Medicine and Public Health; Vice Chancellor for Medical Affairs, University of Wisconsin-Madison [USA]
Gary L. Gottlieb, MD, MBA—President, Brigham and Women's Hospital; Professor of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School [USA]
Prof. Dr. Ulrich Gottstein—Head physician emeritus; IPPNW-Vice President Europe emeritus; Honorary chairman of IPPNW-Germany [Germany]
Professor Henk Groenwegen—Dean, Medical School, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam [The Netherlands]
Professor Sir Andy Haines—Director, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine [UK]
D. A. Henderson, MD,MPH—Distinguished Scholar, Center for Biosecurity; Professor of Medicine and Public Health, University of Pittsburgh [USA]
Dr. Liisa Hyssala—Minister of Social Affairs and Health [Finland]
Dr. Kenneth A. Ityo—Editor, Nigerian Journal of Medicine [Nigeria]
Torunn Janbu, MD, PhD—President, Norwegian Medical Association; Consultant, Orthopaedic Surgery [Norway]
Dr. Ilmo Keskimäki—Immediate Past President, European Union Public Health Association [Finland]
University-Prof. (em.) Dr. med., Dr. h.c. Dietrich Kettler —Georg-August-Universität Göttingen [Germany]
Nobuoki Kohno, MD, PhD—Dean, Faculty of Medicine; Professor, Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University [Japan]
Sergey Kolesnikov, MD—Academician, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences; Member of Parliament; Co-President, International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War [Russia]
Nikolai N. Komarov—Minister of Health, Orenburg Regional Administration [Russia]
Valeriy V. Kozhevnikov—Minister of Health, Buryat Republican Administration [Russia]
Prof. Dr. A.C. (Arie) Nieuwenhuijzen Kruseman—Chair, Royal Dutch Medical Association (KNMG) [The Netherlands]
Dr. Khoo Kah Lin—President, Malaysian Medical Association [Malaysia]
Bernard Lown, MD—Professor Emeritus of Cardiology, Harvard School of Public Health; Co-recipient, 1985 Nobel Peace Prize; Founding Co-President, International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War [USA]
George Lundberg, MD—Former Editor, Journal of the American Medical Association [USA]
Peter M. McGough, MD—Past President, Washington State Medical Association [USA]
Ole Danbolt Mjøs—Professor Emeritus, Past President, University of Tromsø; Past Chair, Nobel Peace Price Committee of the Norwegian Parliament [Norway]
Dr. Mahathir Mohammad—Former Prime Minister [Malaysia]
Dr. Kati Myllymäki—Past President, World Medical Association [Finland]
Nancy Nielsen, MD, PhD—President, American Medical Association [USA]
Sir Gustav Nossal—Emeritus Professor, University of Melbourne; Australian of the Year (2000) [Australia]
Nancy E. Oriol, MD—Dean of Students, Harvard Medical School [USA]
Judith Palfrey, MD—T. Berry Brazelton Professor of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School [USA]
Pekka Puska—Director General, National Institute for Health and Welfare; Former Member of Parliament [Finland]
Irwin Redlener, MD—Director, National Center for Disaster Preparedness; Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health [USA]
Prof. Dr. Horst-Eberhard Richter—Director Sigmund-Freud-Institute (1992-2002) [Germany]
Dr. Paula Risikko—Minister of Health and Social Services [Finland]
Richard G. Roberts, MD—Professor, Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison; Past President, American Academy of Family Physicians; President-Elect, World Organization of Family Doctors [USA]
Michel Rocard—Former Prime Minister [France]
Michael Rosenblatt, MD—Dean, Tufts University School of Medicine [USA]
Victor W. Sidel, MD—Distinguished University Professor, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Past President, American Public Health Association; Past President, Physicians for Social Responsibility [USA]
Pavel I. Sidorov—Rector, Northern State Medical University; Academician, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences [Russia]
Leonardo Santos Simao, MD—Former Minister of Health; Former Minister for Foreign Affairs [Mozambique]
Stig A. Slørdahl—Dean, Medical School, Norwegian University of Science and Technology [Norway]
Prof. Dr. med. Helm Stierlin - University of Heidelberg, IPU-Director for Family and Social Questions [Germany]
Vappu Taipale— Former Minister of Health; Former Minister of Social Affairs; Co-President, International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War [Finland]
George E. Thibault, MD—President, Josiah Macy, Jr. Foundation [USA]
Masao Tomonaga, MD, PhD—Dean, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University [Japan]
Daniel Charles Tosteson, MD—Immediate Former Dean, Harvard Medical School; Caroline Shields Walker Distinguished Professor of Cell Biology, Harvard University [USA]
Shizuteru Usui, MD—President, Hiroshima Prefectural Medical Association; Vice President, IPPNW [Japan]
Professor Patrik Vankrunkelsven, MD—Senator and Former Mayor of Laakdal; University of Leuven [Belgium]
Terje Vigen, MD—General Secretary, Norwegian Medical Association [Norway]
Finn Wisløff—Professor, Dean of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo [Norway]
AUSTRALIA
Professor Graeme Barnes—Senior Principal Research Fellow, Murdoch Children's Research Institute; Professorial Fellow, Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne
Professor Julie Bines—Professor of Paediatrics, Royal Children's Hospital; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne
Dr. David Browning, AOM—Chair, Obstetric Department (retired), Bowral and District Hospital
Helen Caldicott, MD—Founding President, Nuclear Policy Research Institute; President, Physicians for Social Responsibility (1978-83)
Professor Nicholas Crofts—Senior Research Fellow, Nossal Institute for Global Health, University of Melbourne
Professor Mike Daube—President, Public Health Association of Australia; Professor of Health Policy, Director, Public Health Advocacy Institute of WA, Curtin University of Technology
Robert M. Douglas, MD—Foundation Director, National Centre for Epidemiology, Australian National University; Former Dean of Medicine, University of Adelaide
Professor Ian Frazer—Director, Diamantina Institute for Cancer, Immunology and Metabollic Medicine; Australian of the Year (2006)
Bryan Furnass, AM, DM (Oxford), FRCP (London), FRACP
Heath Kelly—Head of Epidemiology, Associate Professor, Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, University of Melbourne
Anthony McMichael—Professor and former Director, National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University; President, International Society for Environmental Epidemiology
Frederick Mendelsohn, AO, MD, PhD, FRACP, FAA—Director, Howard Florey Institute, University of Melbourne
Professor Rob Moodie—Professor of Global Health; Chair, National Preventative Health Taskforce, Nossal Institute for Global Health, University of Melbourne
Terry Nolan—Professor and Head, Melbourne School of Population Health, University of Melbourne; Chair, Australian Technical Advisory Group on Immunisation
Tilman A. Ruff—Associate Professor, Nossal Institute for Global Health, University of Melbourne; Immediate Past President, Medical Association for Prevention of War
Peter Sainsbury—Associate Professor, School of Public Health, University of Sydney; Past President, Public Health Association of Australia
Professor Fiona Stanley, AC—Director, Telethon Institute for Child Health Research; Professor, School of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Western Australia
Anthony Paul Stewart—Senior Fellow/Medical Epidemiologist, Centre for International Health, Burnet Institute for Medical Research and Public Health
Dr. Sue Wareham, OAM—President, Medical Association for Prevention of War
Malcolm Whyte, AO—Emeritus Professor, Australian National University
Professor Anthony Zwi—Professor of Public Health and Community Medicine; Convenor: GlobalHealth@UNSW; School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of New South Wales
Dr. Kamrul Hasan Khan—Associate Professor of Pathology, Bangabandhu Medical University; President, Physicians for Social Responsibility
BELGIUM
Jef de Loof, MD—University of Ghent
Dr. Henri Firket—Emeritus Professor, Faculty of Medicine, University of Liège; President, IPPNW-Belgium
Barbara Michiels—University of Antwerp
Paul Van Royen—Professor, Department of General Practice, University of Antwerp
Jock Murray, MD—Professor Emeritus, Medical Humanities; Professor of Neurology; Former Dean, Dalhousie Medical School
Ronald D. Stewart, OC, ONS, BA, BSc, MD, Dsc—Director, Medical Humanities, Professor of Emergency Medicine, Professor of Anaesthesia, Dalhousie University
CUBA
Carlos Pazos Beceiro, MD—President, Cuban Medical Committee for Global Survival
DENMARK
Povl Revsbech, MD—Chair, Danish Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War
FINLAND
Dr. Jorma Huuhtanen—Director General, Social Insurance Institute; Former Minister of Health
Kati Juva, MD—Associate Professor in Neurology, Helsinki University; Chairperson, Physicians for Social Responsibility
Dr. Sinikka Monkare—Former Minister of Health
Dr. Kari Pylkkanen—Vice President, European Union of Medical Specialists
FRANCE
Abraham Behar, MD—Honorary Professor of Biophysics, University of Paris; President, French Physicians Against Nuclear Weapons
GERMANY
Prof. Dr. Jens - R. Allenberg—Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Heidelberg
Prof. Dr. med. Eckhart Böhm Lüdenscheid—Direktor a.D. Institute of Pathologie of Ruhr-University Bochum
Dr. med. Renate Böhm—Lüdenscheid
Prof. Hans Drewanz—Darmstadt
Prof. Dr. Gine Elsner—Prof. für Arbeitsmedizin, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt M.
Prof. Dr. med. Andreas Engelhardt—Facharzt für Neurologie, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Oldenburg
Prof. Dr. med. Ingrid Fohlmeister—Pathologisches Institut, Universität Köln
Prof. Dr. med. em. Elisabeth Freund-Moelbert—Institut für Biologie der Univ. Freiburg; Abt. am Max Plank Institut für Immunologie Freiburg
University Prof. Dr. Ulrich Hegel—Freie Universität Berlin
Prof. Dr. med. H. Heidrich
Prof. Dr. Rainer Hoehne
Prof. Dr. med. Wulf Jaedicke—Head Physician, Evangelical Hospital, Bochum
Prof. Dr. med. Ernst Kaas—Professor in Surgery
Prof. Dr. med. Winfried Kahlke—Professor Emeritus, Interdisciplinary Seminar on Ethics, University of Hamburg
Prof. Dr. med. Friedrich Kluge
Prof. Dr. Sabine Kröner—Department of Sociology, University Münster
Prof. Dr. med. Juergen Kühl—University Emden
Prof. Dr. B. Langkopf
Prof. Dr. med. Gerhard Längle
Prof. Johannes Mann—City Hospital Schwabing, München
Prof. Dr. med. Hans Mausbach
Prof. Dr. Gerhard Neuhäuser—Department of Pediatrics, Neurology (retired), University of Giessen
Prof. Dr. Falk Ochsendorf—Vice Director, Dermatology Clinic, University Hospital, Frankfurt am Main
Prof. Dr. med. Peter Peterson
Lars Pohlmeier, MD—Health Center Melcherstaette Bremen-Brinkum; Former Chair, International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War
Prof. Dr. med. Rainer Porschen—Professor of Medicine, Bremen-Ost Hospital
Dr. Med. Alex Rosen—University of Duesseldorf
Prof. Dr. med. Carla Rosendahl—Professor, Evangelicial University Hannover
Prof. Dr. med. habil. Klaus Rösner—Specialist Zwickau
Prof. Dr. med. K. H. Rudorff—Innere Medizin/Endokrinologie, Wuppertal
Prof. Dr. med. Klaus Schenck—University Ulm
Prof. Dr. med. Christian Scherwitz—University Tübingen
Prof. Dr. med. habil. Dieter W. Scheuch—Director Institut Pathology, Biochemistry, Medical Academy, Dresden (1970-1994)
Prof. Dr. med. Georg Schieferstein
Prof. Dr. med. Achim A. Schmaltz—Klinik für Kinderkardiologie, Univ.-Klinikum Essen
Prof. med. Hans-Georg Siedentopf
Prof. Dr. med. Friedrich Specht
Prof. I.R. Dr. Wolf Spemann
Prof. Dr. med. Hans-Michael Steffen—Deputy Director, Clinic for Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital of Cologne
Prof. Dr. em. Jochen Stutte—Institute of Pathology, University Hospital, Frankfurt a.M.
Prof. Dr. med. Stefan Thierfelder
Prof. Dr. h.c. em. Michael Trede—Professor and Chair, Department of Surgery, University of Heidelberg
Prof. Dr. med. Alexander Trost—Facharzt für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, Mönchengladbach
Prof. Dr. med. Martin Westerhausen—Head, Department of Hematology, Med. Klinik II, St. Joh. – Hospital Duisburg (1977–99)
Prof. Dr. med. dent. Willi–Eckhard Wetzel
GREECE
Maria Arvaniti Sotiropoulou, MD—President, Greek Medical Association for the Protection of the Environment and Against Nuclear and Biochemical Threat
Carlos Vassaux, MD—Past-President, National Academy of Medical, Physical and Natural Sciences of Guatemala; President, Guatemalan Association of Physicians against Nuclear War
Zita Makoi, MD, PhD—Former Director (retired), Peto Institute; Former President, IPPNW-Hungary
INDIA
Balkrishna Kurvey—President, Indian Institute for Peace, Disarmament & Environmental Protection
Dr. Nalini Kurvey—Gynacologist & Osbtretician
Dr. Philip Michael, MB BCh DCH DRCOG MICGP—Chair, Irish Doctors Environmental Association (IDEA); Vice President [Europe], International Society of Doctors for the Environment
Professor Ernesto Kahan, MD, MPH—Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University; President, Israel Physicians for Peace and Preservation of the Environment
Michele Di Paolantonio, MD—President, Italian Medical Association for the Prevention of Nuclear War
Dr Roberto Romizi—President, Italian Doctors for the Environment Association
JAPAN
Kenji Kamiya, MD, PhD—Director, Center for the Promotion of Radiation Emergency Medicine, Professor and Chairman, Department of Experimental Oncology, Division of Genome Biology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University
Katsuko Kataoka, MD, PhD—Professor Emeritus, Hiroshima University; Secretary General, Japanese Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War
Mineo Yasuda, MD, PhD—Professor Emeritus, Hiroshima University
Kenjiro Yokoro, MD PhD—Professor Emeritus, Hiroshima University
Alikhan Kh. Dosakhanov—Professor, Academician of the Kazakh National Academy of Natural Sciences; Chief Physician of the Kazakh National Scientific Medical Center
Dr. Walter A. Odhiambo—Consultant and Lecturer in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Health Sciences, University of Nairobi; Regional Vice President for Africa, IPPNW
KYRGYZSTAN
Nurlan Brimkulov—Chief Pulmonologist, Kyrgyz Republic; Vice-President of IPPNW-Kyrgyzstan
Cholpon Galieva—Regional Representative, Hoffman la Roche; Executive Director of IPPNW-Kyrgyzstan
Saltanat Kurmanalieva—Kyrgyz National Hospital
LEBANON
Melhim Bou Alwan, MD, AOA—President, International Federation of Medical Students' Associations
Professor Victor Lim—Master, Academy of Medicine
Ronald McCoy, MD FRCOG—Past Co-President, IPPNW
MEXICO
Jans Fromow-Guerra, MD—President, Mexican Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War
THE NETHERLANDS
Akke Botzen, MD—Retired family doctor
Laurentius C. M. Olearnik—Medical Centre Sint Anna Nijmegen
Willem Klein Poelh, MD—Opthalmic Surgeon, Bawku Hospital
Herman Spanjaard, MD, OHP—Director, ArboConsult; President, Dutch Medical Association for Peace Research
Prof. W.A.B. Stalman, MD, PhD—Member, Executive Board and Dean, VU University Medical Center
David B Menkes, FRANZCP—Associate Professor of Psychiatry, Waikato Clinical School, University of Auckland
George Salmond, MD—University of Otago Wellington School of Medicine and Health Science; IPPNW-New Zealand
NICARAGUA
Antonio Jarquin, MD—President, Nicaraguan Society of Doctors for Peace and the Defense of Life (MEDIPAZ)
NIGERIA
Ime John, MD—Co-President, International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War
Kjell Haug, MD, PhD—Vice Dean, Professor, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen
Bjorn Hilt, MD—Professor of Occupational Medicine; Chair, International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War
Tordis Sørensen Høifødt, MD, PhD—Senior psychiatrist, University Hospital Northern Norway; Chair, Norwegian Physicians Against Nuclear Weapons
Svanhild M. A. Schønberg—Vice-Dean, Medical Faculty, Norwegian University of Science and Technology
Helge Wiig—Vice Dean, University of Bergen Medical School
PALESTINE
Mustafa Ghanim—Palestinian Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War
RUSSIA
Galina I. Bisharova—Director, Institute of Motherhood and Childhood of the Chita Region
Boris B. Bondarenko—Professor, Department Head, Almazov Cardiological Center, St. Petersburg
Vladimir A. Garkavenko—Associate Professor, Department of Health Care Management, Lomonosov State Moscow University; IPPNW Vice-President for CIS
Igor O. Guskov—Director, Orenburg Regional Center of Emergency Medicine
Ljubov I. Kolesnikova—Director, Irkutsk Scientific Research Center of Family Health and Human Reproduction Issues
Igor A. Korneev—Associate Professor of the Acad. Pavlov, St. Petersburg State Medical University
Vasiliy I. Rak—General Director, OOO "FARMACOR"
Aleksander Redjukov—Chief Physician, Buguruslan City Hospital #1
Dr. Elena V. Serdechnaya—Associate Professor, Northern Medical State University
Dr. Konstantin V. Serdechny—Chief Specialist for Health Protection, Polar Lights Company
Vladimir M. Sukach—Chief Physician, Orenburg Regional Clinical Psychoneurological Hospital for War Veterans
Prof. Yury Sumarokov—Vice-Rector, Northern Medical State University, Arkhangelsk
Sergei S. Tseluyko—Professor, Deputy Rector, Amur Medical Academy, Blagoveschensk
Sergei G. Zhukov—Chief Physician, Orenburg City Clinical Perinatal Center; Head, Council of Chief Physicians of Orenburg Region
Hans Levander, MD—Chairperson Life-Link Friendship-Schools International ESD program; Former Head of Rheumatology Department, University Hospital, Uppsala
Frida Sundberg, MD—Dalhousie University; President, Swedish Physicians Against Nuclear Weapons
SWITZERLAND
Andreas Nidecker, MD—Professor of Radiology, University of Basel
TURKEY
Derman Boztok, MD—General Secretary and International Councilor, IPPNW-Turkey
Natalya A. Garkavenko—Physician, Odessa Regional Psychiatric Hospital
UNITED KINGDOM
Frank Boulton, MD—Consultant physician, National Blood Service, Southampton University Hospital Trust; Chair, Medact
Elizabeth Waterston, MD—Medact
USA
Robert Arnold, MD—Professor of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
John Z. Ayanian, MD, MPP—Professor of Medicine and Health Care Policy, Professor of Health Policy & Management, Harvard Medical School, Harvard School of Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital
Peter Alan Banks, MD—Director, Clinical Gastroenterology Service, Brigham and Women's Hospital; Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School
Robert B. Baron—Professor and Associate Dean for Graduate and Continuing Education, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine
Jeffrey C. Bass, MD—Clinical Instructor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School
Susan E. Bennett, MD—Assistant Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School
Edward J. Benz, Jr., MD—Richard and Susan Smith Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Faculty Dean for Academic Programs, Dana Farber Institute
Frederick B. Berrien—Professor of Clinical Pediatrics, University of Connecticut School of Medicine
Richard D. Bland, MD—Professor of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine
Soo Borson, MD—Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine
John Brofman, MD—Medical Director Critical Care, Pulmonary RML Specialty Hospital
Frank Bruns, MD—Professor of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
Eric Chivian, MD—Director, Center for Health and the Global Environment, Harvard Medical School
David C. Christiani, MD, MPH, MS—Professor of Occupational Medicine and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health and Harvard Medical School
Gilbert E. D’Alonzo, Jr., DO—Professor of Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine; Editor in Chief, American Osteopathic Association Journal
Patricia D'Amore, PhD—Senior Scientist, Schepens Eye Research Institute; Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School
Ronald E. Dahl, MD—Staunton Professor of Psychiatry and Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
James E. Davis MD, MS—Professor and Chair, Department of Family Medicine, University of Washington
Shahnaz Duara, MD—Professor of Pediatrics and Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine
Leon Eisenberg, MD—Presley Professor of Global Health and Social Medicine Emeritus, Harvard Medical School
Paul R. Epstein, MD, MPH—Associate Director, Center for Health and the Global Environment, Harvard Medical School
Heidi M. Feldman MD, PhD—Ballinger-Swindells Professor of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine
John E. Fenn, MD—Former Chief of Staff and Clinical Professor of Surgery, Yale New Haven Hospital and Yale University Medical School
Michael J. Fine, MD, Msc—Professor of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
Thomas P. Foley, Jr. MD—Professor of Pediatrics Emeritus, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
Lachlan Forrow, MD—Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School
Erica Frank, MD, MPH—Professor and Canada Research Chair, University of British Columbia School of Population and Public Health; President, Physicians for Social Responsibility
Joshua Freeman, MD—Chair, Department of Family Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center
Mary Ganguli MD, MPH—Professor of Psychiatry, Neurology, and Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and Graduate School of Public Health
Rohan Ganguli, MD—Professor of Psychiatry, Pathology and Health and Community Services, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
Myron Genel, MD—Professor Emeritus of Pediatrics, Former Associate Dean, Yale University School of Medicine
Valerie Gilchrist, MD—Professor and Chair, Department of Family Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health
Ernesto Gonzalez, MD—Professor of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School
John D. Goodson, MD—Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School
Jennifer R. Grandis , MD—Professor of Otolaryngology & Pharmacology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
Jeffrey Grossman, MD—Professor, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health; President and CEO, UW Medical Foundation
Dina Gould Halme, PhD—Associate Dean for Research and Special Projects, University of California San Francisco, School of Medicine
Jimmy H. Hara, MD—Clinical Professor of Family Medicine/Chair Healthcare Workforce Policy Commission, UCLA Medical School/State of California Department of Health
Sam Hawgood, MD—Acting Dean and Chair, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine
Ira Helfand, MD—Past President, Physicians for Social Responsibility
Howard Hiatt, MD—Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Co-Chief, Division of Global Health Equity, Brigham & Women's Hospital
Robert A. Hiatt, MD, PhD—Professor and Co-Chair, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco
Martin Hugh-Jones, DVM—Mary Louise Martin Professor of Epidemiology, LSU School of Veterinary Medicine; Director, WHO Collaborating Center for Reference and Training in Remote Sensing and GIS for Public Health; Coordinator, WHO Anthrax Control & Research Working Group
James R. Hughes, MD, MPH—Adjunct Assistant Professor of Community and Family Medicine, Dartmouth Medical School
John D. Hughes, MD—Adjunct Professor of Medicine, Dartmouth Medical School
J. Dirk Iglehart, MD—Anne E. Dyson Professor of Women's Cancers and Professor of Surgery, Harvard University Medical School
Donald E. Ingber, MD, PhD—Judah Folkman Professor of Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School
Richard Joseph Jackson, MD, MPH—Chair and Professor, Environmental Health Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles
Stephen R. Jones, MD—Professor of Medicine, Oregon Health Sciences University; Governor, Oregon Chapter, American College of Physicians (2001-2005)
Sundeep Khosla, MD—Dr. Francis Chucker and Nathan Landow Research Professor of Medicine and Physiology, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic
Geoffrey Kurland, MD—Professor of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
Jeremy Lazarus, MD—Speaker of the House of Delegates, American Medical Association
Jennifer Leaning, MD—Professor of the Practice of International Health, Harvard School of Public Health
Susanne J. Learmonth, MD—Associate Professor Emeritus of Anesthesiology, Dartmouth Medical School
Barry S. Levy, MD, MPH—Adjunct Professor of Public Health, Tufts University School of Medicine; Past President, American Public Health Association
Helen Loeser, MD, Msc—Associate Dean, Curriculum, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine
Joseph Loscalzo, MD, PhD—Hersey Professor of the Theory and Practice of Medicine, Harvard Medical School
Daniel H. Lowenstein, MD—Associate Dean of Clinical /Translational Research, University of California San Francisco
Larry Madoff, MD—Professor of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School; Editor-in-Chief, ProMED-mail
Jerry Malott, MD—Past President, Arkansas Medical Directors Association
Richard G. Marlink, MD—The Bruce A. Beal, Robert L. Beal, and Alexander S. Beal Professor of the Practice of Public Health, Harvard School of Public Health; Executive Director, Harvard AIDS Initiative
Michael McCally, MD, PhD—Clinical Professor of Community and Preventive Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine; Past President, Physicians for Social Responsibility
Richard H. Michaels, MD—Professor of Pediatrics Emeritus, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
Thomas Michel, MD, PhD—Dean for Education and Daniel D. Federman Professor of Medical Education, Harvard Medical School; Senior Physician in Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital
David G. Nathan, MD—Robert A. Stranahan Distinguished Professor of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School
Herbert Needleman, MD—Professor of Psychiatry and Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
Vishwajit L Nimgaonkar, MD, PhD—Professor of Psychiatry and Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine & Graduate School of Public Health
Rudi H. Nussbaum—Professor Emeritus of Physics, Portland State University
David Ozonoff, MD, MPH—Professor, Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health
Maxine Papadakis—Associate Dean, Student Affairs, University of California, San Francisco
Jack Paradise, MD—Professor of Pediatrics Emeritus, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
John O. Pastore, MD—Medical Staff President, Caritas St. Elizabeth's Medical Center
Jeffrey J Patterson, DO—Professor, Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison; President-Elect, Physicians for Social Responsibility
James Plumb, MD, MPH—Professor, Family and Community Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University
Marianne N. Prout, MD—Professor of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health
Bruce S. Rabin, MD, PhD—Professor of Pathology and Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
Marlene Rabinovitch MD—Dwight and Vera Dunlevie Professor of Pediatrics, Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Diseases/Stanford University School of Medicine
Mitchell T. Rabkin, MD—Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School
Margaret V. Ragni MD, MPH—Professor of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
G. Dennis Rains, PhD—Professor of Psychology, Kutztown University
Peter Reich, MD—Professor of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School
William Reichel, MD—Affiliated Scholar, Center for Clinical Bioethics, Georgetown University School of Medicine; Past President, American Geriatrics Society
Charles F. Reynolds III, MD—UPMC Endowed Professor of Geriatric Psychiatry, Neurology, and Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
Paul M Ridker—Eugene Braunwald Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School
Anthony Robbins, MD—Co-editor, Journal of Public Health Policy; Professor of Public Health, Tufts University School of Medicine
Felix J. Rogers, DO—Clinical Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan State University College of Osteopathic Medicine
Loren H. Roth, MD, MPH—Associate Senior Vice Chancellor Health Sciences, Professor of Health Policy and Management, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health
Ronald T. Rozett, MD, MPH—Medical Director, Physician Assistant Program, Quinnipiac University
Robert E. Schoen MD, MPH—Professor of Medicine & Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
David P. Sklar, MD—Associate Dean, Professor of Emergency Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine
Susan E. Skochelak, MD, MPH—Senior Associate Dean, Academic Affairs, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health; Vice President for Medical Education, American Medical Association
Murial Sugarman, MD—Clinical Child Psychiatrist, Mass General Hospital/Harvard University; Co-Founder, Boston Institute for the Development of Infants and Parents
Vikas P. Sukhatme—Victor J. Aresty Professor of Medicine/BIDMC Chief Academic Officer, Harvard Medical School
Newlon Tauxe, MD—Professor of Nuclear Medicine Emeritus, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
Tor Tosteson, MD—Professor of Community and Family Medicine, Dartmouth Medical School
Ellen R. Wald, MD—Alfred Dorrance Daniels Professor on Diseases of Children; Chair, Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health
Eugene Washington, MD—Executive Vice Chancellor and Provost, University of California, San Francisco
Charles Weems, MD—Clinical Professor of Surgery, Emeritus, University of Washington
Howard J. Weinstein, MD —Chief, Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children; R. Alan Ezekowitz Professor of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School
Alan Wells, MD, DMSc—Thomas Gill III Professor of Pathology, Vice-Chair for Laboratory Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
Andy Whittemore, MD—Chief Medical Officer, Brigham & Women's Hospital; Professor of Surgery, Harvard Medical School
Walter Willett, MD, DrPH—Chair, Department of Nutrition and Fredrick John Stare Professor of Epidemiology and Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health
David Wofsy—Associate Dean, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine
Kai W. Wucherpfennig, MD, PhD—Professor, Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School
James Yamasaki, MD—Professor Emeritus, Pediatrics, University of California Los Angeles
Robert Mtonga, MD—Zambian Healthworkers for Social Responsibility (ZHSR)